Types of Watersheds
Watersheds come in
many different shapes and sizes. A river basin is generally a large
watershed, whereas subwatersheds or drainage areas are smaller
delineations determined by the stream of interest. These terms are
frequently used interchangeably. Watersheds are named for the streams
that they drain into. The U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the
U.S. Board on Geographic Names maintains a database of stream names and
is responsible for reviewing/approving requests for name additions and
modifications.
Harford County contains 4 major river basins -
the Bush River Basin, the Gunpowder River Basin, the Lower Susquehanna
River Basin, and the Upper Western Shore Basin, which all drain to the
Chesapeake Bay Watershed. These larger watersheds are made up of many
smaller watersheds. For example, the Bush River Basin is comprised of
the Otter Point Creek, Bush Creek, and Church Creek Subbasins.
Everyone lives in a watershed. How we use the land (farms, houses,
businesses, industry), what covers the land (lawns, crops, forests,
pavement), and our land use habits (use of pesticides and fertilizers,
disposal of toxic wastes, garbage disposal, clean up of animal wastes)
all affect water quality within the watershed. Precipitation falling
within a watershed runs off the land and into a water body, carrying
with it various pollutants including nutrients and sediments.